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Asian J Kinesiol > Volume 21(3); 2019 > Article
Lee, Ko, and An: Differences between Male and Female College Students in Dynamic Stability Change through Measuring Lower Extremity Muscle Fatigue

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze differences by gender, changes in dynamic stability due to lower extremity muscle fatigue.

METHODS

A total of 47 college-age students participated in the experiment. Subjects consisted of 29 males and 19 females. A muscle fatigue squat protocol with Smith machine and Y-balance Test was conducted and measurements were taken before and after the onset of fatigue.

RESULTS

There were statistically significant differences before and after fatigue in anterior right leg (p<.001), anterior left leg (p<.001), posteromedial right leg (p=.011), posteromedial left leg (p=.010), pesterolateral left leg (p=.014), total score right leg (p<.001) and total score left leg (p<.001), the only exception being posterolateral right leg (p=.057). The difference between male and female groups decreased in a statistically significant manner on posteromedial left leg (p=.045) and posterolateral right leg (p=.031). The effects of interaction between measurement periods did not represent statistically significant differences in all categories.

CONCLUSIONS

The result of this study represented a decrease in total score of Y-balance Test before and after the application of muscle fatigue. There were no gender differences in the dynamic stability of male and female subjects due to muscle fatigue.

μ„œλ‘ 

슀포츠 μƒν™©μ—μ„œ 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œμ™€ 손상은 맀우 λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 관계이며 잠재적인 뢀상 μœ„ν—˜ μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜λœλ‹€[1]. λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ ν•˜μ§€ λΆ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜λ˜λŠ” 무릎의 μ•žμ‹­μžμΈλŒ€(anterior cruciate ligament) μ†μƒμ˜ 경우 비접촉성 μ†μƒμ˜ λΉ„μœ¨μ΄ 70% 이상을 μ°¨μ§€ν•˜κ³  있으며[2], ν•˜μ§€ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œλ₯Ό μœ λ°œν•˜λŠ” ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ ν”Όλ‘œμ˜ λˆ„μ μ΄ κ°€μ€‘λ˜λŠ” μ‹œν•© ν›„λ°˜μ— 주둜 λ°œμƒν•œλ‹€[3]. μ΄λŠ” μΆ•κ΅¬μ„ μˆ˜μ˜ 비접촉성 손상에 κ΄€ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλ„ 확인할 수 μžˆλŠ”λ°, 뢀상λ₯ μ΄ μ‹œν•© μ’…λ£Œ μ•½ 15λΆ„ μ „ ν˜Ήμ€ μ‹œν•© ν›„λ°˜λΆ€μ— ν”„λ‘œμΆ•κ΅¬μ„ μˆ˜μ™€ μœ μ†Œλ…„ μΆ•κ΅¬μ„ μˆ˜ λͺ¨λ‘ 뢀상 λΉˆλ„κ°€ κΈ‰κ²©νžˆ λ†’μ•„μ§€λŠ” κ²½ν–₯을 보인닀[4]. λ”°λΌμ„œ ν•˜μ§€μ˜ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ κ·Όμ‹ κ²½ κΈ°λŠ₯κ³Ό κ· ν˜•λŠ₯λ ₯에 뢀정적인 영ν–₯을 미쳐 μ „λ°˜μ μΈ μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ˜ μ €ν•˜λ₯Ό μ΄ˆλž˜ν•œλ‹€[3].
동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ€ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” μƒν™©μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μ™ΈλΆ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„°μ˜ μžκ·Ήμ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ· ν˜•μ„ μžƒμ§€ μ•Šκ³  μ‹ μ²΄μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ μ œμ–΄ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ „λ°˜μ μΈ λŠ₯λ ₯을 λœ»ν•œλ‹€. 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ„ ν‰κ°€ν•˜λŠ” Y balance testλŠ” ν•˜μ§€μ˜ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± 검사인 SEBT(star excursion balance test)의 절차λ₯Ό κ°„μ†Œν™”ν•˜κ³  κ²€μ‚¬μ˜ λ°˜λ³΅μ„±μ„ 높이고 ν•˜μ§€μ˜ κ·Όλ ₯κ³Ό 고유 μˆ˜μš©μ„± 감각을 μΈ‘μ •ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν‰κ°€λ‘œ ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ ν™œμš©μ΄ 맀우 μš©μ΄ν•˜λ‹€[5]. λ˜ν•œ Y balance testλŠ” 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ„ 평가할 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 뢀상 μœ„ν—˜μ„ μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜λŠ” μ§€ν‘œλ‘œμ¨ μ‚¬μš©λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λŠ”λ°, λ‚¨μž 미식좕ꡬ μ„ μˆ˜λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ Y balance testλ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•œ κ²°κ³Ό ν•˜μ§€ 길이λ₯Ό μ„Έ λ°©ν–₯ λ„λ‹¬κ±°λ¦¬μ˜ ν•©μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆˆ λ’€ μ •κ·œν™” ν•œ 값이 89% μ΄ν•˜λ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ 경우, λΆ€μƒμ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ΄ μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ μ¦κ°€ν•œλ‹€[6].
κ·Όν”Όλ‘œλŠ” 고강도 μœ ν˜•μ˜ μš΄λ™μ΄λ‚˜ μž₯μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‹€μ‹œν•˜λŠ” μš΄λ™μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‚¬μ„± ν”Όλ‘œ 물질의 좕적에 μ˜ν•΄ μ‹ κ²½ 전달 속도가 κ°μ†Œλ˜μ–΄ 근윑의 μˆ˜μΆ•λ ₯이 κ°μ†Œν•˜κ³  이둜 인해 νž˜μ„ μœ μ§€ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•œλ‹€[7]. ν•˜μ§€ 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œ λˆ„μ μ€ ꡬ심성 ν˜Ήμ€ μ›μ‹¬μ„±μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” μ‹ κ²½ μ „λ‹¬μ˜ 속도λ₯Ό κ°μ†Œμ‹œμΌœ[3] κ·Όμ‹ κ²½ 쑰절 λŠ₯λ ₯ ν˜Ήμ€ κ΄€μ ˆμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°κ° 인지 λŠ₯λ ₯에 영ν–₯을 μ€€λ‹€[8]. μœ„μΉ˜κ°κ° 인지 λŠ₯λ ₯의 μ €ν•˜λŠ” μš΄λ™ μˆ˜ν–‰λ ₯의 κ°μ†Œμ™€ 직접적인 연관이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ•Œλ €μ Έ 있고[9], μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ μœ„μΉ˜κ°κ° 인지 λŠ₯λ ₯의 μ €ν•˜μ™€ 연관이 μžˆμŒμ„ 확인할 수 μžˆλ‹€[10]. ν•˜μ§€ 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œλŠ” 무릎 μ£Όλ³€λΆ€ 근윑의 μš΄λ™μ‘°μ ˆ λ³€ν™”, λ°˜μ‘ μ‹œκ°„μ˜ λ³€ν™” 그리고 κ·Όμ‹ κ²½μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μœ λ°œν•΄ 뢀상에 λ…ΈμΆœλ  수 있으며[11] κ΄€μ ˆ κ°λ„μ˜ 신전에도 영ν–₯을 미쳐 μ™ΈλΆ€μ˜ 좩격에 μ˜ν•΄ κ΄€μ ˆμ΄ μ‰½κ²Œ 손상을 μž…μ„ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό[12]와 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— μ˜ν•΄ λ°œμƒν•œ κ· ν˜• λŠ₯λ ₯의 μ €ν•˜κ°€ ν•˜μ§€ μ†μƒμ˜ μš”μΈμ΄ 될 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό[3]λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ, ν•˜μ§€μ˜ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ™€ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 연관이 μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€.
근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œ μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ 정적인 μƒν™©μ—μ„œμ˜ κ· ν˜• μœ μ§€λŠ₯λ ₯μ΄λ‚˜ 동적인 μƒν™©μ—μ„œμ˜ μ•ˆμ •μƒνƒœλ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 규λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‹€μ œ μš΄λ™ 상황과 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μœ ν˜•μ˜ ν”Όλ‘œλ₯Ό 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” κΈ°λŠ₯적 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ μ μš©ν•œ 이후 눈감고 μ™Έλ°œ μ„œκΈ° ν˜Ήμ€ μ‚¬μ΄λ“œ μ»€νŒ… λ™μž‘κ³Ό 같은 변인듀을 μ΄μš©ν•œ μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ듀이 μžˆλ‹€[12,13].
μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ ν•˜μ§€ κ·Όμœ‘μ— ν”Όλ‘œλ₯Ό μ μš©ν•œ μ§‘λ‹¨μ—μ„œ ν•œλ°œ μ„œκΈ° μžμ„Έμ—μ„œμ˜ μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ΄ 크게 λ–¨μ–΄μ§€κ±°λ‚˜[14] ν”Όλ‘œκ°€ μ‚¬μ΄λ“œ μ»€νŒ… λ™μž‘ μˆ˜ν–‰ μ‹œ ν•˜μ§€ κ΄€μ ˆμ˜ 각도와 μ›€μ§μž„μ΄λ‚˜[12] 동적 μžμ„Έ 쑰절 λŠ₯λ ₯에 μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€[13]. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν”Όλ‘œ μš”μΈμ΄ 결과에 큰 영ν–₯을 미친 μš”μΈμ΄λΌκ³  λ³΄κΈ°μ—λŠ” 무리가 μžˆκ±°λ‚˜[12] ν”Όλ‘œκ°€ 무릎의 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ— 직접적인 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”κ°€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 상관관계가 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 연ꡬ결과[15]듀을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ ν”Όλ‘œκ°€ λ™μž‘ μˆ˜ν–‰μ—λŠ” 영ν–₯을 μ£Όμ§€λ§Œ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ΄λ‚˜ μ „λ°˜μ μΈ κ· ν˜• λŠ₯λ ₯의 μ €ν•˜μ™€ 직접적인 연관성이 μžˆλŠ”κ°€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ˜λ¬Έμ μ€ 아직 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°λ˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ 뢀뢄이 μžˆλ‹€.
λ˜ν•œ 성별에 λ”°λ₯Έ 무릎 μ•žμ‹­μžμΈλŒ€ 비접촉성 손상은 λ‚¨μ„±λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” μ—¬μ„±μ—κ²Œμ„œ 더 높은 λΉ„μœ¨λ‘œ 손상이 κΎΈμ€€νžˆ λ°œμƒν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€[16]. 여성이 남성보닀 손상에 더 μ·¨μ•½ν•œ μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” κ·Όμ‹ κ²½ 쑰절 λŠ₯λ ₯의 차이[17], κ·Όλ ₯ 및 근지ꡬλ ₯의 차이[18,19] 등이 μ–ΈκΈ‰λœλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ„ ν–‰ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ 성별에 λ”°λ₯Έ μ†μƒλΉ„μœ¨μ˜ 차이둜 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— λ”°λ₯Έ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ˜ λ³€ν™” μ—­μ‹œ 성별에 따라 차이가 μžˆμ„ 수 μžˆμŒμ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•œλ‹€.
ν•˜μ§€ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— λ”°λ₯Έ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  그것을 톡해 손상 μœ„ν—˜μ„ μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ μ μš©ν•œ 이후 Y balance testλ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ—¬ μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ μ‚¬λ‘€λŠ” λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ 싀정이닀. 만일 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± 검사인 Y balance test의 결과에 영ν–₯을 μ€€λ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 뢀상 μœ„ν—˜μ˜ 예츑 및 성별에 λ”°λ₯Έ 차이도 κ³ λ €ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 것이며 μš΄λ™ λŒ€μƒμžμ— λŒ€ν•œ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± 검사λ₯Ό 톡해 μœ„ν—˜κ΅°μ„ μ„ λ³„ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œλ‘œ μΈν•œ μš΄λ™ 손상 μ˜ˆλ°©μ— κΈ°μ—¬ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ ν™œμš©μ΄ μš©μ΄ν•œ Y balance testλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ ν•˜μ§€ 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œμ— λ”°λ₯Έ 남녀 κ°„μ˜ 차이에 λŒ€ν•΄ 비ꡐ λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€.

연ꡬ방법

1. 연ꡬ λŒ€μƒ

μ‹€ν—˜μ˜ μ°Έκ°€μžλŠ” KλŒ€ν•™κ΅ 체윑 학과에 μž¬ν•™ 쀑인 ν•™μƒλ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜ μ‹œμž‘μ— μ•žμ„œ ν•˜μ§€μ˜ 근골격계에 κΈ°λŠ₯적으둜 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ” 학생듀을 μ„ λ³„ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹€ν—˜μ—μ„œ μ œμ™Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ§„λ‹¨λœ 근골격계 μ§ˆλ³‘μ˜ μœ λ¬΄μ— κ΄€ν•œ 쑰사λ₯Ό ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©° κΈ°λŠ₯적인 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ—†λŠ” μ°Έκ°€μžλ“€ 쀑 μ°Έμ—¬ μ˜μ‚¬λ₯Ό λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 밝힌 학생듀을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λ™μ˜μ„œ μž‘μ„± 및 μ‹€ν—˜μ˜ λͺ©μ μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ„€λͺ…κ³Ό μ°Έμ—¬ μ‹œ μ£Όμ˜μ‚¬ν•­μ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ³ μ§€ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν”Όν—˜μžμ˜ 신체적 νŠΉμ„±μ€ <Table 1>κ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.

2. 연ꡬ섀계

μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄ ν”Όν—˜μžμ—κ²Œ μ‹€ν—˜λ‹ΉμΌ μΌμƒμƒν™œ μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ 신체 ν™œλ™μ„ μ œμ™Έν•œ κ·Όμœ‘μ— ν”Όλ‘œλ₯Ό 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” ν™œλ™λ“€μ„ ν”Όν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜μ˜€κ³  μ •ν™•ν•œ 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œ μƒνƒœλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λ“œλ§ν¬λ‚˜ 기타 보좩제 및 카페인 음료의 μ‹€ν—˜ μ „ μ„­μ·¨λ₯Ό κΈˆμ§€ν•˜λ„λ‘ κ΅μœ‘ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜ μ‹œμž‘ 30λΆ„ μ „λΆ€ν„° μ •ν™•ν•œ 슀쿼트 λ™μž‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ΅μœ‘μ„ μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μ‹€ν—˜ 쀑 μœ„ν—˜ν•œ 상황에 λŒ€λΉ„ν•˜μ—¬ μΈ‘μ •μžλ₯Ό 도와쀄 보쑰자λ₯Ό λ°°μΉ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

3. 츑정방법

(1) Y balance test

Y balance testλŠ” ν”Όν—˜μžκ°€ μ‹œν—˜λŒ€ μœ„μ— μ„œμ„œ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” λ°œμ„ μ€‘μ•™μ˜ λ°œνŒμ„ μ§€μ§€ν•˜κ³  λ°˜λŒ€μͺ½ 발둜 각각 120Β° κ°„κ²©μœΌλ‘œ μ „λ°©(anterior; ANT), ν›„λ°© λ‚΄μΈ‘(posterior medial; PM), ν›„λ°© μ™ΈμΈ‘(posterior lateral; PL) λ°©ν–₯으둜 λ»—μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” 선을 따라 κ· ν˜•μ„ μžƒμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ„ μ—μ„œ λ°œνŒμ„ μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ 멀리 λ°€μ–΄λ‚΄μ–΄ 거리λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” 방법이닀[20]. ν”Όν—˜μžκ°€ μ •ν™•ν•œ λ™μž‘μœΌλ‘œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•  수 있고 μ—°μŠ΅μœΌλ‘œ μΈν•œ ν•™μŠ΅νš¨κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μ „μ—°μŠ΅μ€ 4~6회둜 μ œν•œν•˜μ—¬ μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 발 ν˜Ήμ€ λ‚΄λ”›λŠ” 발 μͺ½μ˜ κ· ν˜•μ΄ λ¬΄λ„ˆμ Έ μžμ„Έλ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 발의 λ’€κΏˆμΉ˜κ°€ 듀리고 λ‚΄λ”›λŠ” λ°œμ„ λ°€μ–΄λ‚΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 발판 μœ„μ— μ–Ήμ–΄ 놓아 κ· ν˜•μ„ μž‘λŠ” 경우 ν˜Ήμ€ λ‚΄λ”›λŠ” 발끝으둜 λ°œνŒμ„ μ°¨μ„œ λ°€μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” 경우 μ‹€νŒ¨λ‘œ κ°„μ£Όν•˜κ³  검사λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.
ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈ μˆœμ„œλŠ” 우츑 μ „λ°©οΌŒ 쒌츑 μ „λ°©οΌŒ 우츑 ν›„λ‚΄μΈ‘οΌŒ 쒌츑 ν›„λ‚΄μΈ‘οΌŒ 우츑 ν›„μ™ΈμΈ‘οΌŒ 쒌츑 ν›„μ™ΈμΈ‘ 순으둜 μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€κ³ , λͺ¨λ“  κ²€μ‚¬λŠ” 각각 두 λ²ˆμ”© μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©° 두 번의 검사 쀑 더 높은 값을 μΈ‘μ •κ°’μœΌλ‘œ μ±„νƒν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.
μΈ‘μ •κ°’μ˜ μ •κ·œν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν”Όν—˜μžμ˜ ν•˜μ§€ 길이λ₯Ό μœ„μ•ž μ—‰λ©λΌˆκ°€μ‹œμ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ•„λž«λΆ€λΆ„λΆ€ν„° μ•ˆμͺ½ λ³΅μ‚¬λΌˆμ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ›μœ„λΆ€κΉŒμ§€ λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš΄ μ€„μžλ‘œ μ„Όν‹°λ―Έν„° λ‹¨μœ„λ‘œ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.
μΈ‘μ •κ°’μ˜ 총점(total score)은 우츑, 쒌츑 각각 3λ°©ν–₯(μ „λ°©, ν›„λ‚΄μΈ‘, ν›„μ™ΈμΈ‘) 뻗은 거리의 합을 β€˜ν•˜μ§€κΈΈμ΄ X3β€™μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆˆ λ‹€μŒ 100을 κ³±ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 각 3λ°©ν–₯(μ „λ°©, ν›„λ‚΄μΈ‘, ν›„μ™ΈμΈ‘)의 μ μˆ˜λŠ” 각각 뻗은 거리λ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€κΈΈμ΄λ‘œ λ‚˜λˆˆ λ‹€μŒ 100을 κ³±ν•˜μ—¬ μ •κ·œν™”(normalization)ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€<Table 2>.

(2) κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ

ν•˜μ§€ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± 검사λ₯Ό μ’…λ£Œν•œ 이후 μ‹€μ‹œν•œ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ€ μ„ ν–‰ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ΄μš©ν•œ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ [12,21]을 기초둜 ν•˜μ—¬ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°©ν–₯에 맞게 μˆ˜μ •, λ³΄μ™„ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ€ 슀미슀 λ¨Έμ‹ (Smith machine)을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 여성은 30kg의 μ€‘λŸ‰μ„ 남성은 50kg의 μ€‘λŸ‰μœΌλ‘œ 슀쿼트λ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€κ³ , κ°œμΈλ³„ 차이λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ 슀쿼트λ₯Ό 5회 1μ„ΈνŠΈλ₯Ό κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ μ΅œλŒ€ 15μ„ΈνŠΈ 반볡 μˆ˜ν–‰μ„ λͺ©ν‘œλ‘œ 더 이상 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•  수 없을 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€[12].
ν”Όν—˜μžλŠ” κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄ μ’…λ£Œλœ 직후 ν•˜μ§€μ˜ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ 회볡되기 전에 νœ΄μ‹ 없이 κ³§λ°”λ‘œ Y balance testλ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€κ³  μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” 도쀑에 λ°œμƒν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν”Όν—˜μžμ˜ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ νšŒλ³΅μ„ μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ„ΈνŠΈλ§ˆλ‹€ 맨λͺΈ 슀쿼트λ₯Ό 10νšŒμ”© μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€[11].

자료처리

λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ°€μ„€ 검증을 μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ 각 μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ 쒅속 변인별 평균 및 ν‘œμ€€νŽΈμ°¨λ₯Ό μ‚°μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ μΈ‘μ • μ‹œκΈ°(ν”Όλ‘œ μ „, ν”Όλ‘œ ν›„)와 집단(λ‚¨μž, μ—¬μž)에 λ”°λ₯Έ 쒅속 λ³€μΈλ“€μ˜ μ°¨μ΄λŠ” 반볡 μΈ‘μ • μ΄μ›λ³€λŸ‰λΆ„μ„(two-way repeated-measures ANOVA)으둜 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ°€μ„€ 검증을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œ SPSS 20.0 톡계 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 톡계적 유의 μˆ˜μ€€μ€ p < .05둜 μ„€μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

κ²°κ³Ό

κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ 적용 전후에 λ”°λ₯Έ 반볡 μΈ‘μ • μ΄μ›λ³€λŸ‰λΆ„μ„ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄ <Table 3>κ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.
μΈ‘μ • μ‹œκΈ°μ™€ μ§‘λ‹¨κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš© νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μΈ‘μ • μ‹œκΈ°(ν”Όλ‘œ μ „, ν”Όλ‘œ ν›„)에 따라 였λ₯Έμͺ½ ν•˜μ§€μ˜ ν›„μ™ΈμΈ‘(p=.057)을 μ œμ™Έν•œ λͺ¨λ“  λ°©ν–₯μ—μ„œ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ κ°μ†Œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 집단(λ‚¨μž, μ—¬μž) κ°„μ˜ μ°¨μ΄λŠ” μ™Όμͺ½ ν•˜μ§€μ˜ ν›„λ‚΄μΈ‘(p=.045)κ³Ό 였λ₯Έμͺ½ ν•˜μ§€μ˜ ν›„μ™ΈμΈ‘(p=.031)을 μ œμ™Έν•œ λͺ¨λ“  λ°©ν–₯μ—μ„œ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€.

λ…Όμ˜

이 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 성별에 λ”°λ₯Έ ν•˜μ§€ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 남성과 μ—¬μ„±μ—κ²Œ 각각 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ ν•˜μ§€μ— κ·Όν”Όλ‘œλ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜κΈ° μ „κ³Ό ν›„μ˜ Y balance test의 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.
κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ²Œ 되면 ν”Όλ‘œ 전후에 λŒ€ν•œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ 동적 μžμ„Έ 쑰절 λŠ₯λ ₯ 및 κ· ν˜• λŠ₯λ ₯에 μ „λ°˜μ μΈ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€κ³  밝힌 μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ 결과와 μΌμΉ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€[12,13,14]. Y balance testμ—μ„œ 총점(total score)의 μ €ν•˜λŠ” 근골격계 손상과 λ°€μ ‘ν•œ μ—°κ΄€μ΄μžˆλ‹€κ³  밝힌 μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ[6]와 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ λ³Ό λ•Œ, κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ 적용 전보닀 적용 후에 값이 ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œ κ°μ†Œν•˜λŠ” 것은 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ ν•˜μ§€ μ†μƒμ˜ 원인이 될 수 μžˆμŒμ„ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•˜κ³  있으며, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œκ°€ ν•˜μ§€ μ†μƒμ˜ μ£Όμš”μΈμ΄λΌκ³  밝힌 μ„ ν–‰ μ—°κ΅¬λ“€μ˜ μ˜κ²¬κ³Όλ„ μΌμΉ˜ν•œλ‹€[3,11]. λ”°λΌμ„œ, κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ™€ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ€ λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 연관이 있으며 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ μˆ˜μ€€κ³Ό λΆ€μƒμ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ€ λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 관련이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μž¬ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.
κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ μ „ν›„ 총점(total score)λ₯Ό 뢄석해 보면, 집단(λ‚¨μž, μ—¬μž) 간에 ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ 차이λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆκ³  μ‹œκΈ°μ™€ 집단 κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš© 효과 μ—­μ‹œ μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 이것은 여성이 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 내성이 λ†’λ‹€κ³  λ°œν‘œν•œ μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ[22,23]λ‚˜ 성별 κ°„ κ·Όμ‹ κ²½ 쑰절 λŠ₯λ ₯ ν˜Ήμ€ κ·Όλ ₯, 근지ꡬλ ₯의 차이[17,18,19]둜 여성이 κ·Όμ‹ κ²½ λ°˜μ‘ λŠ₯λ ₯의 변화에 λ”μš± λ―Όκ°ν•˜λ‹€[15]λŠ” μ„ ν–‰ μ—°κ΅¬λ“€μ˜ μ˜κ²¬κ³ΌλŠ” μΌμΉ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 결과이닀.
λ˜ν•œ 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, ν•˜μ§€λ₯Ό μ§€μ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” ν‘œλ©΄μ˜ μƒνƒœκ°€ μ•ˆμ •μ μΈ μƒν™©λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” λΆˆμ•ˆμ •ν•œ ν‘œλ©΄μ—μ„œ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ— 뢀정적인 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬κ²°κ³Όλ‘œ λ³Ό λ•Œ, 근윑의 ν”Όλ‘œμ™€ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μ•ˆμ •μ μ΄μ§€ μ•Šμ€ ν‘œλ©΄ λ˜ν•œ λ™μ μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ— 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€[24]. λ”°λΌμ„œ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ 적용의 μœ ν˜•, λ™μ μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ— 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ” μš”μΈ 및 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± 평가 방법 λ“± μ’€ 더 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 남성과 μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 성별 차이에 λŒ€ν•œ 후속연ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•  κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ νŒλ‹¨λœλ‹€.
μœ„ 결과듀을 쒅합해보면 κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— 적용 이후 λ™μ μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ„ μΈ‘μ •ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό 남성과 μ—¬μ„± λͺ¨λ‘ 뢀정적인 영ν–₯을 받은 것을 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , 남성과 μ—¬μ„± λͺ¨λ‘ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— μ˜ν•΄ λ™μΌν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•˜μœΌλ©° 성별에 λ”°λ₯Έ μ°¨μ΄λŠ” λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 이 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€.

κ²°λ‘  및 μ œμ–Έ

κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ 적용 μ „ν›„ Y balance test의 총점(total score)에 κ°μ†Œκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— 따라 남녀 λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± κ°μ†Œμ— 영ν–₯을 μ£Όμ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜, κ·Όν”Όλ‘œμ— λ”°λ₯Έ 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± κ°μ†Œμ˜ 남녀간에 μ„±μ°¨λŠ” μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ κ·Όν”Όλ‘œ 적용의 μœ ν˜•, λ™μ μ•ˆμ •μ„±μ— 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ” μš”μΈ 및 동적 μ•ˆμ •μ„± 평가 방법 λ“± μ’€ 더 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 남성과 μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 성별 차이에 λŒ€ν•œ 후속연ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•  κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ νŒλ‹¨λœλ‹€.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

TableΒ 1.
Physical characteristics of subjects
Gender Age (yrs) Height (cm) R Leg Length (cm) L Leg Length (cm) BMI (kg/m2) Bodyfat (%)
Male (n=29) 19.00Β±0.99 177.30Β±5.16 90.40Β±4.30 90.50Β±4.27 22.35Β±2.24 16.62Β±2.71
Female (n=18) 19.28Β±1.27 162.62 Β± 5.28 81.42Β±3.53 81.58Β±3.49 21.36Β±2.06 26.67Β±3.49

R; Right, L; Left, BMI; Body Mass Index

Values are expressed as MΒ±SD

TableΒ 2.
Score normalization formula
Score Formula
Total score (anterior+ posterior medial+ posterior lateral)/(3Γ—leg length)Γ—100
Each direction score (reach distance/leg length)Γ—100
TableΒ 3.
Results of repeated measurement two-way ANOVA of Y balance test before and after muscle fatigue protocol application
YBT (%) PF-YBT (%) p
ANT R Male 68.82Β±9.08 65.25Β±9.46 A : <.001***
B : .641
Female 71.46Β±7.27 65.00Β±9.38 A*B : .095
ANT L Male 67.69Β±9.04 65.33Β±8.45 A : <.001***
B : .641
Female 72.84Β±8.86 67.89Β±9.95 A*B : .095
PM R Male 119.33Β±10.22 118.14Β±9.02 A : .011*
B : .065
Female 125.17Β±6.42 121.86Β±8.24 A*B : .215
PM L Male 118.60Β±8.44 117.42Β±9.02 A : .010**
B : .045*
Female 124.63Β±5.16 120.84Β±8.93 A*B : .163
PL R Male 116.08Β±10.13 115.63Β±8.56 A : .057
B : .031*
Female 123.12Β±7.26 118.98Β±7.71 A*B : .123
PL L Male 118.13Β±11.22 115.53Β±8.87 A : .014*
B : .110
Female 122.23Β±5.22 119.48Β±7.63 A*B : .945
Total R Male 101.41Β±8.11 99.68Β±7.26 A : <.001***
B : .080
Female 106.59Β±5.85 101.93Β±7.49 A*B : .054
Total L Male 101.51Β±8.08 99.42Β±7.08 A : <.001***
B : .052
Female 106.56Β±5.49 102.74Β±7.92 A*B : .184

* p<.05

** p<.01

*** p<.001

YBT; Y Balance Test, PF YBT; Post Fatigue Y Balance Test, ANT; Anterior, PM; Posterior Medial, PL; Posterior Lateral, R; Right, L; Left

A; measurement period (before and after fatigue), B; group (gender), A*B; interaction between A and B

Values are expressed as MΒ±SD

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